biography
martes, 19 de febrero de 2013
martes, 12 de febrero de 2013
1. What was the name of the company
Shakespeare belonged to ?
Lord Chamberlain's Men (
Later The King's Men )
2. How many companies were licensed to perform
in London ? Only 2.
3. Why did Shakespeare's company build the
Globe ?
Shakespeare's company only
built the Globe because they could not use the special playhouse that their
chief actor Richard Burbage's father had built for them in 1596, a roofed
theatre inside the city, in Blackfriars.
James Burbage had a long
history as a theatrical entrepreneur. In 1576 he built the first successful
amphitheatre, known as The Theatre, in a London suburb. Twenty years later,
when the lease on The Theatre's land was about to expire, he built the
Blackfriars as its replacement. But the wealthy residents of Blackfriars got
the government to block its use for plays, so his capital was locked up
uselessly.
4. Who built the Globe ?
It was built by two
brothers, Cuthbert and Richard Burbage, who inherited its predecessor, The
Theatre, from their father, James.
5. Who did the Globe belong
to ?
Half the shares in the new
theatre were kept by the Burbages. The rest were assigned equally to
Shakespeare and other members of the Chamberlain's Men (the company of
players who acted there), of which Richard Burbage was principal actor and of
which Shakespeare had been a leading member since late 1594.
It was the lack of money to
pay for it that produced the new consortium. The Burbage sons' inheritance
was tied up in the Blackfriars, so extra finance was needed. That was why
Shakespeare and another four of his fellows were made co-owners of the new
Globe.
5. What did Shakespeare's company use to build
the Globe ?
The Theatre had closed,
ostensibly for good, in 1597, and the owner of the land on which it stood
threatened to pull the building down once the lease had expired. The Burbages
and their associates anticipated the threat, however, and in late 1598
dismantled The Theatre and carried the materials to Bankside (a district of
Southwark stretching for about half a mile west of London Bridge on the south
bank of the River Thames).
Without The Theatre, the
company had to rent a playhouse. Then at the end of 1598 they decided to
build one for themselves. The shortage of cash made
the consortium reluctant traditionalists, giving up the idea of an indoor
theatre in the city and using the old Theatre's
timbers and therefore the same basic auditorium shape for the new building. The old playhouse was one of their few remaining resources. They could not use it in situ because the lease had expired, so they
dismantled it and took the timbers (illegally) to make the skeleton of their
new amphitheatre. The Globe was a cut-price
and fortuitous construction.
6. When the Globe was built , there were two
other theatres in Southwark already. Which ones ? The Swan and The Rose
7. When was the Globe built ?It was probably completed by the autumn of 1599 .
8. How and when was it destroyed ?
In 1613, during a performance of Henry VIII, the thatch of the Globe was accidentally set alight by a cannon, set
off to mark the King's entrance onstage in a scene at Cardinal Wolsey's
palace. The entire theatre was destroyed within the hour.
9. When was it rebuilt ?
By June 1614 it had been
rebuilt, this time with a tiled gallery roof and a circular shape.
10. When was it finally pulled down ? Why ?
It was pulled down in 1644,
two years after the Puritans closed all theatres, to make way for tenement
dwellings.
11. Explain how acting at the Globe was like.
Acting at the Globe was
radically different from viewing modern Shakespeare on screen.
The plays were staged in the
afternoons, using the light of day. Therefore, all references to weather or
time of the day had to be given to the audience through the text.
The audience surrounded the
stage on all sides. No scenery was used, except for occasional emblematic
devices like a throne or a bed. It was almost impossible not to see the other
half of the audience standing behind the players. Consequently much of the
staging was metatheatrical, conceding the illusory nature of the game of
playing, and making little pretense to stage realism .
12. Complete this chart :
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HENRY VIII
As you well know, Henry VIII was Elizabeth's father. Write a short profile of this amazing character. Use the next websites if necessary. http://www.wickham.newbury.sch.uk/topics/tudors/tudors.html http://tudorhistory.org/henry8/ | ||
NAME: Henry Tudor
BORN:Greenwich Palace, on 28 June 1491
PARENTS:Henry VII & Queen Elizabeth of York
CROWNED:1502 - death of Arthur
Crowned on April 21 1509
RELIGION : although he created the Church of England, he remained Catholic.
MARITAL STATUS:Married 6 times
CHILDREN:Mary I, Elizabeth I & Edward VI.
HOBBIES :Jousting, archery, stag and dee hunting, hawking and music.
MOST FAMOUS PALACE:Hampton court
HIS LORD CHANCELLOR OF ENGLAND :
Cardinal Wolsey
DIED :28 January 1547
REIGNED :For 33 years ( 1509 - 1547 )
BURIED :16 February 1547 at St. George's chapel, Windsor Castle.
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Illustrations : (1)Henry VIII by Hans Holbein the Younger - The Royal Collection (2)Henry at approx. age 40. by Joos van Cleeve - The Royal Collection (3)A portrait of Henry by Hans Holbein the Younger (1497-1543) made c. 1536. Madrid, the Thyseen-Bornemisza Collection (4)Detail of Henry VIII by Hans Holbein the Younger - The Royal Collection |
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